![]() These included the development of the “wild,” natural-appearing English garden in contrast to the geometric vistas of the French formal garden the graveyard school of English poetry of the 1740s, with Edward Young’s and Thomas Gray’s melancholy evocations of sorrow, bereavement, death, and decay Samuel Richardson’s Pamela (1740) and other sentimental novels that exploited the reader’s capacity for tenderness and compassion the “novel of sensibility” of the 1760s, with its emphasis on emotional sensitivity and deeply felt personal responses to natural beauty and works of art the Sturm und Drang movement in Germany (1770–80), in which J.W. The new emphasis on genuine emotion can be seen in a whole range of Pre-Romantic trends. He also introduced the idea that the free expression of the creative spirit is more important than strict adherence to formal rules and traditional procedures. Rousseau introduced the cult of religious sentiment among people who had discarded religious dogma, and he inculcated the belief that moral development was fostered by experiencing powerful sympathies. He emphasized the free expression of emotion rather than polite restraint in friendship and love, repudiated aristocratic elegance and recognized the virtues of middle-class domestic life, and helped open the public’s eyes to the beauties of nature. This new emphasis partly reflected the tastes of the growing middle class, who found the refined and elegant art forms patronized by aristocratic society to be artificial and overly sophisticated the bourgeoisie favoured more realistic artistic vehicles that were more emotionally accessible.Ī major intellectual precursor of Romanticism was the French philosopher and writer Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Chief among these trends was a shift in public taste away from the grandeur, austerity, nobility, idealization, and elevated sentiments of Neoclassicism or Classicism toward simpler, more sincere, and more natural forms of expression. Pre-Romanticism, cultural movement in Europe from about the 1740s onward that preceded and presaged the artistic movement known as Romanticism ( q.v.). SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.COVID-19 Portal While this global health crisis continues to evolve, it can be useful to look to past pandemics to better understand how to respond today.Student Portal Britannica is the ultimate student resource for key school subjects like history, government, literature, and more.This Time in History In these videos, find out what happened this month (or any month!) in history.#WTFact Videos In #WTFact Britannica shares some of the most bizarre facts we can find.Demystified Videos In Demystified, Britannica has all the answers to your burning questions.Britannica Explains In these videos, Britannica explains a variety of topics and answers frequently asked questions.Britannica Classics Check out these retro videos from Encyclopedia Britannica’s archives.
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